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Master of Electronic Art
Mediated Body 591
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Muybridge, Marey and "Bullet-time" Overview The pioneering photographic work of Muybridge and Marey during the second half of the 19 th century laid the foundations of moving picture technology, and what was to become the cinema. Their work is most significant because it allowed humans to see motion beyond the limits of normal human vision. Principally interested in scientific applications for their work, Muybridge and Marey inspired each other to greater heights. One hundred years later, in 1999, the movie "The Matrix" brought into popular awareness the photographic technique previously called "time slicing" and/or "flo-mo", which then became known as "bullet-time". The spectacle of simultaneous time/vision distortion has become both an icon, and cliché, of modern visual culture. Primary Reading A essay describing the significance of the Matrix special effects to modern image making. "Image Future" by Lev Manovich in Brains trust http://www.braintrustdv.com/essays/image-future.html A brief illustrated overview of Muybridge and Marey in the context of the history of the cinema "The Bill Douglas Centre for the History of Cinema and Popular Culture" http://www.centres.ex.ac.uk/bill.douglas/Schools/movingpics/movingpics4.htm A brief essay describing Muybridge's work, and how it was both influenced by, and then influenced, Marey's work. "Twenty-Four Cameras and the Running Horse" by Jim Knusch http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Academy/9657/Muybridge.html Illustrated on-line museum dedicated to the work of Marey "Etienne-Jules Marey: Movement in Light" http://www.expo-marey.com/ANGLAIS/indexGB.htm "Freeze Frame: Eadweard Muybridge's Photography of Motion http://americanhistory.si.edu/muybridge/ More "The emergence of cinematic time : modernity, contingency, the archive" by Mary Ann Doane. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002. 791.43684 DOA : T.L. Robertson Library Level 6 "Did You Ever Eat Tasty Wheat?": Baudrillard and The Matrix By William Merrinhttp://www.nottingham.ac.uk/film/journal/articles/did-you-ever-eat.htm on MuybridgeListing of on-line sources of images of Muybride's http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/muybridge_eadweard.html A selection of Muybridge's work http://www.laurencemillergallery.com/muybridgexhibition.htm Muybridge, Eadweard. Animals in motion. New York : Dover, 1957. 612.76 MUY : T.L. Robertson Library Level 6 Muybridge, Eadweard. The human figure in motion. New York : Dover, 1955. 612.76 MUY : T.L. Robertson Library Level 6 Eadweard Muybridge : the father of the motion picture. London : Secker and Warburg, 1975. 770.92 HEN : T.L. Robertson Library Level 6 on Marey Braun, Marta. Picturing time : the work of Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) / Marta Braun. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1992. 770.92 BRA : T.L. Robertson Library Level 6 Time slicing/special effects companies with many examples and demos http://www.timeslicefilms.com/ |